The Element: Chlorine Essay -- essays research papers

The Element centiliterGeneral In mildewationWe researched the chemical element known as chlorine. Chlorine hasan atomic number of 17 and an atomic weight of 35.453. It has avalence number of 3. The element has 3 energy levels. Chlorine existsas a kelvinish-yellow gas at normal temperatures and pressures. Chlorineis indorse in reactivity only to fluorine among the halogen elements.Chlorine is a nonmetal. It is estimated that 0.045% of the earthscrust and 1.9% of sea water are chlorine. Chlorine combines withmetals and nonmetals and organic materials to form hundreds ofchlorine compounds. Chlorine is about 2.5 times as dense as air andmoderately soluble in water, forming a pale yellowish green solution.Chlorine is so reactive that it never occurs free in nature.Chemical PropertiesChlorine is in the halogen family, and like all the otherhalogen elements chlorine has a blotto tendency to gain one electronand become a chloride ion. Chlorine readily reacts with metals to formchloride s, most of which are soluble in water. Chlorine overly reactsdirectly with many nonmetals such as sulfur, phosphorus, and otherhalogens. Chlorine can support combustion if a candle were to be throwninto a watercraft of chlorine, it would continue to burn, releasing dense,black clouds of smoke, The chlorine combines with hydrogen of theparaffin, forming hydrogen chloride, and uncombined carbon is left inthe form of soot. Soot is black residue from fuel. Chlorine replacesiodine and bromine from their salts. alter chlorine is somewhat inert ornot able to move, but moist chlorine unites directly with most of theelements. biographyChlorine was discovered in 1774 by Karl Scheele. Humphry Davyproved that chlorine was an element. Extensive production began 100years later. During the 20th Century. The amount of Chlorine determinationd wasconsidered a measure of industrial growth. In, 1975 chlorineproductions ranked seventh on the list of largest-volume chemicalsproduced in the United Stat es. The importance of chlorine has changedas new uses have been added. In 1925 paper and pulp used over one-half . The chlorine made and chemical products only 10%. By the 1960spaper and pulp use accounted for only 15-17% and the chemical usesincreased to 75-80%. Peoples uses have contributed to the growth oflarge cities, and new textiles, plastics, paints, and miscellaneous useshave raise... ...h chlorine. At the iron cathode or negatively charged electrode,sodium ions are reduced to sodium metal, which reacts immediately withwater to form sodium hydroxide.Another rule of preparing chlorine is by the electrolysis ofmolten salt. This process is used specifically to produce sodium, andthe chlorine is a commercial by product. When large quantities ofwaste hydrochloric and are available. Chlorine may be recovered byoxidation of the acid. This method has the advantage of convertinggreat quantities of waste acid to useful substances.No matter what process is used to prepare chlorine, t he gasmust be well dried. Dry chlorine is much less corrosive than moistchlorine gas. In the laboratory chlorine may be prepared by heatingatomic number 25 oxide with hydrochloric acid.ConclusionIn conclusion chlorine is a very wonderful element. Chlorine hashundreds of compounds. If we did not have these compounds we wouldnot have clean water, we would have an sucking louse problem, we could notmake many important compounds that are used in medicine, and some ofthe battles in World War I might have been mazed if it were not forchlorine. Our world would not be the same if not for chlorine.